Gender and Gender Relations in Manga and Anime Essay -- Men Women Humo

Manga and Anime, as inviting and open as they may seem, are at heart the products of Japan's culture. Despite its technological advancement, Japan somehow manages to retain much of its historical character, in addition to blending in the overwhelming influences of the West. The Japanese treatment of gender and gender relations has taken many turns over the last millennium, and manga and anime reflect those changes. Still, at the core of the culture lies certain fundamental beliefs that are proving difficult to change. Recently, too, there is growing controversy over gender roles in Japan. An American friend recently complained bitterly over the pervasiveness of sadistic, (heterosexual) male-oriented Japanese pornography in Japan. She says that the message that women are sexual objects has become almost epidemic in Japanese culture, and that male chauvenism is everywhere. Many career women in Japan seem to be so disgusted with things that they refuse to marry. And too many men are expected to sacrifice themselves to their jobs, to the point of having no family involvement. When a man retires, he sometimes becomes trapped in a family he doesn't know, with nothing to do, and he tends to die soon after from his sudden lack of purpose. I am not an expert in this topic; however, maybe I can provide some insight into Japanese culture and its reflection in manga, as well as some recent trends in manga. I am writing, by the way, from the point of view that individuality is more important than one's gender --- and hence to stereotype genders and to force people to conform to those stereotypes is not a good thing. I personally think we'd all be better off if each of us picked up the stereotypical strengths of both genders, if, say, men w... ...s, it seems, is to make Ranma prove that he loves her. (In Takahashi's Urusei Yatsura series, Lum would make herself bait in order to watch Moroboshi come rescue her --- proof to her that he did love her). However, unlike a truly helpless heroine, over and over Akane must come to Ranma's rescue after he has come to hers. Without Akane's help, Ranma would have lost many of his battles, as much as he hates to admit it. Akane is a key part of a team; either person could not possibly succeed alone. (Interestingly, though, this partnership is down-played in the TV shows; it only truly shines through in Takahashi's original stories). Even in some of the more stereotyped manga, there is some partnership and friendship between the sexes. And isn't partnership --- mutual respect, caring for each other, helping each other --- the most important thing in any relationship?

Wright Brothers Essay -- American Aeronautics, Invention, Flight

The brothers Wilbur and Orville Wright, possibly the two most renowned representatives of American aeronautics, were the first to experience controlled, continuous flight of a powered airplane in history. Despite being autodidactic in the area of engineering, the duo proved to be extraordinarily successful, testing and refining their strategies to overcome successive challenges that arose with the building of a plane (Crouch 226). The two were so far ahead in the race for flight that they even anticipated and found solutions to problems that more learned scientists could not have even begun to predict. Successful, man-controlled, powered flight was a fundamental turning point in history; it transformed the methods of how the United States fought its battles, powered developmental and technological change, revolutionized travel and trade, and provided help in forming the world into what it is today. Wilbur and Orville Wright grew up in Dayton, Ohio, in a home that allowed for the two to pursue their intellectual interests. The boys’ parents, Milton and Susan Wright, allowed their children to follow their creative instincts, and helped filter their energy into being creative. Mrs. Wright was a top mathematician in her class and very creative herself; she assembled many household appliances and even built playthings for her children (Garber 1). Both Wilbur and Orville frequently requested help from their mother for counsel on any problems they encountered in their undertakings as children. Their father, Bishop Milton Wright, who would normally bring home toys to help spark their creative interests, gave the two brothers their first material inspiration, a rubber band toy helicopter, early on in childhood (Garber 1). They created ma... ...se across the globe, only taking a few days for the packages to arrive at their destination. Since the time of the World Wars and the Wright brothers, aviation has become a huge part of global society. The Orville and Wilbur Wright’s names will forever be remembered into United States history as the first men who were the first to fully realized human flight. Their successful invention of a working, powered airplane brought about whole new ways of wars, including new strategies for both offense and defense. Many technological advances might not have occurred without the need for new weapons and systems for airplanes. Travel and commerce would be much slower without the usage of airplanes. Orville and Wilbur have made a lasting impact on the world with their invention of a working, human-controlled, powered airplane; who knows what the world would be without it.

Trinity College Exam Hall Classical

‘Classical’ architecture is a language that speaks to us with antiquity. The Exam Hall, once Theatre, on the campus of Trinity College Dublin can be viewed as a neo-classical building, built during the Georgian era. Neo-classical architecture is the revival of Greek and Roman classicism that took place in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This revival of architecture as James Adams, a famous English architect said, â€Å"was ready to seize with some degree of success, the beautiful spirit of antiquity,† which is quintessentially seen in the Exam Hall.The exterior of the Exam Hall displays classical semblances of the Roman Corinthian Order while the interior is decorated using a classical color pallet and style. This paper will explore the reasons why Trinity College Dublin’s Exam Hall, being a neo-classical building, can be measured ‘classical’. The Exam Hall’s architectural structure and decorations derive purely from the world o f classicism with minor exceptions. This predominance of classicism is why the Exam Hall is justifiably ‘classical’. Sir William Chambers was the visionary of the Exam Hall though he did not see through its construction.He became fascinated in the revival of classicism through his study of architecture in Italy. Chamber’s design for the Exam Hall resembled some of his other works that can be seen in Ireland. One such building precedent to the Exam Hall is the Casino at Marino. Casino at Marino was commissioned by Sir William Chambers in 1773 and is â€Å"acknowledged as the most important neo-classical building in Ireland. † The columns, overall symmetry, as well as a portico are a few key classical motifs the two buildings have in common.The Royal Exchange building, now Dublin’s City Hall, designed by Thomas Cooley in 1769 is the spitting image of Trinity College Dublin’s Exam Hall. The Royal Exchange building â€Å"was the first neo-classi cal public building in Dublin and ‘acted as a manifesto for the new style’. † Both buildings are rich in neo-classicism, which displays classical themes throughout. They specifically display close to identical columns holding a single pediment as well as harmony and balance. In comparing the Exam Hall to renowned neo-classical buildings we can deduce that we are rightful in describing Trinity College Dublin’s Exam Hall as being ‘classical’.Chamber’s classical style shined in much of his work, specifically the exam hall. Trinity Colleges Exam Hall can be described as classical because it is built following the guidelines of Corinthian Order. During the period of classical architecture the Greeks founded the original three orders—Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian—different classical styles of building that followed certain rules and mathematical ratios. The Romans adopted these orders and made them their own. Roman Corinthian Orde r is the style of the Exam Hall.The most distinctive element is the columns, which support an entablature. The Exam Halls columns contain smooth unfluted shafts made from Portland Stone, a highly sought after stone at the time. The column capital is ornate as all classical capitals are. The capital is decorated with acanthus leaves and small volutes. There is also a fleuron in the center of the abacus, which lie atop the column capital. The capitals are also made of Portland stone. The entablature, being held up by the columns, contains three discrete elements that are classical in architecture.The Exam Hall exemplifies all three of these elements. The architrave and frieze are found to be smooth while the cornice contains dentils, another common attribute to Roman Corinthian Order. The base of Roman Corinthian Order columns are usually basic and have low pedestals, the Exam Halls are slightly larger. The Pantheon in Rome, Italy, which was built in the classical era is an example of an awe-inspiring architectural masterpiece that is built using Roman Corinthian Order columns very similar in design to the ones on the Exam Hall.The classical interior of the Exam Hall serves just as aesthetically beautiful as the exterior. Classical interior designs were very common during the Georgian Era as seen in the Exam Hall. Perfect harmony and balance are key elements portrayed in classic interiors. When walking into the Exam Hall one is brought into a large elegant open room. The room is steeped in tradition. Classic designed rooms often contain large focal points; all other items within the room are placed in order to enhance the look of the chosen focal point.The large groin vaulted chamber with a semi-circular apse serves as the focal point in the Exam Hall. The regal portraits on the walls are hung in opposing sides as if to guide your eyes to the apse. The walls and ceiling display magnificent stuccowork done by Michael Stapleton, a notable stuccodore in Ireland. Th e exterior style was seen in the interior of the Exam Hall. The Hall contains engaged Corinthian pilasters as well as a frieze decorated with stuccowork. â€Å"Shades of cream, grays, sage greens†¦were popular in neo-classicism.Colors were frequently brightened by the lavish use of goldleaf. † The Exam Hall’s walls are a beautiful sage green and the room displays goldleaf as a contrast to the sage green. The interior is notably pure neo-classical from the color pallet and stuccowork to the pilasters and apse. The grandiose interior is a place of harmony and symmetry. The pure ‘classical’ style portrayed in the Exam Hall is seen in the interior and exterior. The Exam Hall’s ‘classical’ elegance is met with exceptions that make us ponder whether we can truly call the Exam Hall ‘classical’.The smooth ashlar granite countered with the rusticated granite on the lower half of the facade is not seen as ‘classical. †™ This style was first seen in the sixteenth century. I would argue that we can indeed define the Exam Hall as ‘classical’. The ratios in the building and symmetry of not only the Exam set alone, but of that and the chapel which is nearly identical in exterior characteristics, forms a symmetrical front square at Trinity College Dublin. The perfect mathematical ratios and thought out symmetry bring pure harmony to the architecture.The Exam Hall is justifiably ‘classical’ despite the exceptions. As a final point, it is appropriate to say that the Exam Hall is of classical attribute. The exterior brought harmony and balance as a building on its own and to the Front Square of Trinity College Dublin. The interior allowed for a soothing relief with its pale walls and ornate stuccowork. William Chambers, Christopher Myers and Michael Stapleton created a magnificent building enriched in classicism. Despite the need for modern exceptions the Exam Hall is virtuousl y classical. Works Cited Baker, William T.Architectural Excellence in a Diverse World Culture. Mulgrave, Vic. : Images Pub. , 2008. Print. Lucey, Conor. The Stapleton Collection: Designs for the Irish Neoclassical Interior. Tralee: Churchill House, 2007. Print. O'Reilly, Sean D. The Casino at Marino. Dublin, Ireland: Office of Public Works, 1991. Print. Stillman, Damie. English Neo-classical Architecture. London: Zwemmer, 1988. Print. Summerson, John. The Classical Language of Architecture. Cambridge: M. I. T. , 1966. Print. Wilson, Jones. M. 1989. Designing the Roman Corinthian order. Journal of Roman Archaeology. 2, pp. 35-69

Causes of Increase in Price of Essentials in the Last Five Years

Term Paper Causes of increase in price of essentials in the last five years Department Of Economics East West University Submitted by: Afia Ibnat Sajoti : 2012-2-31-118 Nusrat Jahan : 2012-3-30- fzuuiuhio Date of submission: Table of contents: 1. Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦1 2. Abstract: Increases in price level are also referred to as inflation.Such price increases in an economy are usually due to the effect of macroeconomic factors like demand, supply and consumption. All other macroeconomic factors that affect increases in price level are somehow related to these three factors. Those other areas include interest rate, monetary policies and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Since mid-2007 basic food prices have rock eted with disastrous consequences for poor consumers.The spike in international market prices through the first half of 2008 has now subsided. Still prices of rice, wheat, corn (maize), and edible oils remain well above the levels of just a year ago and are likely to remain elevated and volatile for years to come. Two separate dynamics need to be understood in order for countries to make necessary adjustments.A gradual rise in food prices has been under way since at least 2004 with three general and fundamental factors at work: rapid economic growth in the People’s Republic of China and India especially put upward pressure on prices as demand simply outpaced supply; a sustained decline in the United States dollar since mid-decade added to the pressures on dollar-denominated international market prices; and a combination of high and rising fuel prices coupled with legislative mandates to increase production of biofuels has established a firm link between petroleum prices and f ood prices.The causes of price spikes are crop-specific. Drought and disease in 2007 caused wheat prices to jump, and supplies of edible oil were reduced as farmers in the United States shifted acreage out of soybeans into corn for nonfood uses (ethanol). Rice is the clearest example of crop-specific causes—the price spike was driven by export bans that were aimed at helping contain domestic food price inflation in exporting countries, but had the unintended effect of setting off panic as supplies to the already thin world rice market were sharply reduced.Asia will need several years of good rice harvests in order to stabilize the situation and reduce the exposure of the poor to another shock in food prices. This will not be easy to achieve as input costs are driven higher by high energy prices. Thus, it seems unlikely that world food prices will return to the declining trend seen between the mid-1970s and the first few years of this century. Introduction:The world prices of wheat, coarse grains, rice and oilseed crops all nearly doubled between the 2005 and 2007 marketing years and continued rising in early 2008. These increases in agricultural commodity prices have been a significant factor driving up the cost of food and have led to a fuller awareness and a justifiably heightened concern about problems of food security and hunger, especially for developing countries.The causes of this price spike are complex and due to a combination of mutually reinforcing factors, including droughts in key grain-producing regions, low stocks for cereals and oilseeds, increased feedstock use in the production of biofuels, rapidly rising oil prices and a continuing devaluation of the US dollar, the currency in which indicator prices for these commodities are typically quoted. This turmoil in commodity markets has occurred against the backdrop of an unsettled global economy, which in turn appears to have contributed to a substantial increase in speculative interest in agricultural futures markets.Tight market conditions for essential agricultural commodities pose policy challenges for national governments as well as for international organizations. In order to take the right policy decisions, we need to understand what caused the current price spike, what the implications may be for prices and price volatility in the future, and how various countries and members of society may be affected. This note aims to improve this understanding and thereby to contribute to sound policy formulation. Purpose and Scope:Price hike of essential commodities created various problems in the economic growth of Bangladesh. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a clear picture of price spike and its reasons, how it is creating problems in Bangladesh and in the global economy. This paper examines the issues at stake in light of rising food prices and This paper covers the present market situation of price movements that is about more or less within the year 2005 to 2011. This research only covers the essential commodities. Overall price movements of the economy are not the concern of this paper. Literature review:The focus of this literature review thus far has been price discovery in the beef sector. There are also several additional issues related to price discovery that should be considered. Among these issues are price transmission and identity preservation. By reading economical research PRICE OF DAILY ESSENTIALS: A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF RECENT TRENDS by Centre Policy Dialogue (CPD) it mentioned that Price hike of essential commodities has been one of the major challenges facing the incumbent Caretaker Government (CTG) of Bangladesh. The economy has been experiencing a creeping inflation over the recent past.Two most distinctive features of this inflationary trend had been the following: (i) increase in food prices had been more than that of non-food prices, and (ii) consumer price index was higher in the rural areas than in the urban c ounterparts. These trends had adverse implications particularly for the poorest segments of the society, given that there has not been any tangible increase in their real income. It broadly provided the current situation of our economics by showing an analysis of the supply chain of selected essentials items and distribution of recent commodity prices like rice, wheat flour, potato, onion, vegetables, eggs etc.It also demonstrated the current supply situation of selected essential items and projections like to estimate national demand for essential commodities for 2007, import scenarios in 2007, product-wise global production and price scenarios, comparison between Indian and Bangladeshi retail prices etc. Methodology: This research is conducted on the basis of secondary information and the market research done by various parties.Information has been collected from relevant papers and documents provided by the different governmental departments and international organizations, publi cations of different research think tanks and newspaper and web site. The steps that can be taken are This term paper is based on secondary data. It is a quantitative and research. Data is mainly from some renowned institutions like CPD, BB, BIDS, BBS, BEA, IPB etc. Limitations: Due to data limitation, this assessment is done by a simple methodology of comparing pre and post price shock. The literature reviewed in this study covers many of the topics important to price discovery.However it should be noted that the literature covers many decades of work by many authors. Therefore this study has focused on the significant and broad based work found in the literature. FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS Price changes and trends Global food and oil price hike have also increased the bar of food price in the local market. The food price of essential commodities has been increasing hastily since 2005 and climbed at the highest peak of the decade in 2008. However, prices declined a bit in 2009 but again started to increase since 2010 and till November 2011 prices of most of the essential commodities has risen more than those of 2008.If taken 2005 as the base year, the scenario of food prices in 2011 becomes a matter of stun and awe. From the table- 1, it is comprehensible that the prices of coarse, medium and fine rice have been doubled in 2011 than those of 2005. The price of Atta (white) increased by 83. 33 percent by November compared to 2005. The price of soybean and palm oil increased by 147 percent and 151. 22 percent respectively by November 2011 relative to 2005. The price of garlic in 2005 was Tk. 54/Kg while it increased by 122. 22 percent by November 2011. The prices of different types of pulses have increased over the years at an incredible rate.The prices of baby food items, powder milk and sugar are also on an upward movement. It might be very difficult for the poor people to manage three meals a day when the prices of essential commodities are on the rise at an acce lerating rate and volatile. As a result of this volatile nature of the price of essential commodities, the poorest segment and the limited earners are in great distressed. Consumer Price Index and Trend of Food and Non-food Inflation A measure that examines the weighted average prices of a basket of consumer goods and services, such as transportation, essential food and medical care.Specially, here we consider consumer goods i. e. ;essential food items. However, the CPI measures how much the price of consumer goods has changed over a given time period. It measures the inflation and deflation. If the large rises in CPI during short period of time indicate a period of inflation and large drops indicate deflation. From the table-2, it is caught sighted that recent data indicates the upward trend of consumer price index (CPI) in general and prices of essential commodities exceeds beyond the limit of poor income group or fixed earners. National (CPI) average is 10. 24 percent and 12. 2 p ercent for the month of October’ 2011. While the food prices of rural areas continued to boost at an accelerating rate compare to the food prices of urban. It is really a threat for the developing country like Bangladesh. This is clearly shown in the figure-1. Causes of the Current Increase in Food Prices * Black Marketing: In some cases, when governments or regulatory bodies set a maximum price for a good, this leads to black markets. To be effective, the maximum price has to be below the market price that prevails as a result of the interaction of demand and supply. For example, the market price of wheat is $5.The government is regulating the industry and fixes a price of $4 as the maximum price. Supply of wheat is going to reduce and demand is going to increase based on the laws of demand and supply. This will lead to a shortage as people are demanding more wheat than is being supplied. Some consumers will be willing to pay the original market price for wheat ($5) and some will be willing to pay even higher. This leads to a black market where suppliers will provide the willing consumers with wheat at a price higher than the prevailing one. It broadly means holding the inventories and selling it at a higher price.It creates artificial scarcity in the economy in spite of increase in production and results in price rise, * Black money: Black money encourages the people to the demand of goods and services in the economy thereby leading to high rise in the general price level. Tax evasion here is widespread with a new study by the finance ministry finding that undeclared income or ‘black money’ could account for up to 80 per cent of Gross Domestic Product — some $110 billion. Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) Research Director Binayak Sen argued that the housing sector has seen one of the most visible growths. †¦ why only took 450 to Tk 500 million is earned as tax and why the number of people having above Tk 200 million property is only 4000?†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ It should not be less than 20 to 30 million if the valuation is calculated at market rate and not at the source rate,† said Binayak. Economists hold the view that black money breeding can become a major factor behind persistent inflation through misallocation of resources and shifts of resources from productive investment to current profligate consumption. Rapid Growth of Population: The rapid growth of population means more mouths to feed, more demand of clothing and basic necessities as compared to supply of goods and services which result in price rise. Several population factors play an important role in the increasing and changing nature of the demand for food, while also constricting supply and access to food. The population's role is often neither direct nor simple, and its impacts can vary at the local and global level.Nonetheless, many demographic trends that affect food supply and demand, especially rapid population growth , urbanization, population density of the rural poor, and migration for employment, are projected to continue. Urbanization, the growth of the middle class and associated changes in consumption patterns, migration and wage employment, large family size are all contributing factors as well. * Deficit Financing: Deficit financing, practice in which a government spends more money than it receives as revenue, the difference being made up by borrowing or minting new funds. Although budget deficits may occur for numerous reasons, the term sually refers to a conscious attempt to stimulate the economy by lowering tax rates or increasing government expenditures. It means printing more currency notes and coins. Deficit financing is done mainly to meet the budgetary deficit. It results in more supply of money in the economy but when the increase in the supply of money corresponds with less increase in the supply of goods and services (National output) there is a rise in the price of goods and services * High and rising price of energy: Energy and agricultural prices have become increasingly intertwined. With oil prices at an all-time high approaching $150/barrel, the U.S. government is subsidizing farmers to grow crops for energy. The U. S. farmers have massively shifted their cultivation towards bio-fuel feedstocks. High energy prices have also made agricultural production more expensive by raising the cost of mechanical cultivation and fertilizers, as well as marketing including cost of transportation. At the same time, the growing world population is demanding more and different kinds of food. * Rapid economic growth: Rapid economic growth in many developing countries, especially China and India have pushed up consumers' purchasing power, generating increased demand for food.This has shifted food demand away from traditional staples and toward higher-value foods like meat and milk. In the last five years, the  world economy  has grown on average by 8. 6% per year. The means our incomes have increased by this amount in real terms every year. Most of the contribution to economic growth has come from service industries, and manufacturing industries to a lesser extent. On the flip side of this, the agricultural sector has seen extremely poor growth in the last five years. While the overall economy has been growing 8. 6% per year, the agricultural sector has grown by a paltry 3. % per year in the last five years, on average. Thus, our income is rising a lot faster than food production. Demand is rising much faster than supply, and this is causing the high levels of food price in inflation. In addition, population is also growing by 1. 3% per year, further increasing the demand for food. * Dollar- depreciation: The rapid depreciation of the dollar against the euro and some other important currencies drives up the price of commodities quoted in dollars for both supply and demand reasons (see below). The depreciation of the dollar also causes invest ors â€Å"long† in dollars (i. e. most US-based investors, but holders of dollars globally as well) to seek hedges against this loss of value, with commodities being one attractive option. a sustained decline in the dollar since mid-decade added to the upward price. Pressure on dollar-denominated commodity prices directly, and indirectly fueled a search for speculative hedges against the declining dollar. Increasingly since 2006, these hedges were found first in petroleum, then in other widely traded commodities, including wheat, corn, and vegetable oils. * Increase in Money Supply: Money supply includes currency notes and coins, demands and time deposits.Increase in money supply shows that people in an economy are ready to spend more money for buying goods and services. Conclusion Essential commodities especially food in our country are important concerns at policy level to ensure the welfare of the mass people. In this regard price hike comes to top most concern with respec t to food security because if the price hike causes food insecurity for the mass of the people of our country. Availability of food, though indispensable for food security, is not enough to significantly improve food security at the household level.For improved household food security, all our efforts are needed to ensure nutrition of the poor through improving their accessibility to food and ensuring full biological utilization of the food. The overall food security can be well attained when increased accessibility to food is ensured through enhanced skill in domestic agriculture and increased availability of cereals and non-cereals, through attaining food accessibility by a sustained increase in the income of the poor and through education and health services leading to effective utilization of food of the malnourished people.It is expected that the people of the country will be able to enjoy their desired needs through essential commodities. For ensuring this situation price hike in essential commodities are to be taken into control. All the government initiatives should be targeted to increase production, reducing costs, ensure fair competition (competition law may be enacted and enforced) and gaining confidence of the business community and by ensuring these supplies could be increased and be able to keep pace with demand and price could be handled. References 1. Bangladesh institute of development studies (BIDS)Global Commodity Price Volatility and Domestic Inflation: Impact on the Performance of the Financial Sector in Bangladesh. 2. Center For Policy Dialogue PRICE OF DAILY ESSENTIALS: A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY OF RECENT TRENDS A report prepared for the Ministry of Commerce, Government of Bangladesh 3. Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) 4. The Finance Express (FE) Rising food prices in Bangladesh: Causes, poverty impacts and policy actions 5. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Research Current State of Price Hike In Bangladesh: An Analysis Of Food Items. 6. Bangladesh Economic Association (BEA)

Professional teacher Essay

Development takes what is there as a valuable starting point, not as something to be replaced, but a useful platform on which to build. To do so is to recognise not only that teachers do have valuable existing expertise but also that, if teachers are forced to choose, they will usually revert to their secure established ways of doing things. The metaphor of ‘building on what is already there’ is not, however, satisfactory because it suggests adding on something separate to what is there, something extra on top. The concept of development, in contrast, implies that whatever is added, whatever is new, will be integrated with what is there already, and will indeed grow from what is there. † McIntyre and Hagger (1992, p. 271) This places the teacher in a position of power and responsibility. It means that the teacher is the arbiter of change. If a proposed change does not meet with the approval of the teacher, then there is little likelihood that the change will be introduced. What sometimes happens is that, where a proposed reform partly meets with the approval of a teacher, the proposed change is revised. It may be scaled down, some of the less acceptable aspects removed or emphases may be changed. The proposed reform undergoes a process of customization to suit the circumstances and priorities of the individual teacher. This position of power in relation to change and reform also brings with it considerable responsibility. Teachers must be attuned to the need for change. They need to be proactive, able to take initiatives in relation to change but also to make sound judgments about the value and relevance of any change, proposed by others or initiated by themselves. They cannot afford to reject all change outright or be dismissive of it. To do so would be to abandon a professional obligation to work in the interests of students and the future of society. Every professional teacher must be able to articulate fully the bases for his or her own practical theory. Being explicit about one’s own practical theory is essential for a number of reasons. First, it ensures that explanations of the bases for actions in the classroom can be provided and the expectation of professional accountability discharged. Second, knowing in detail one’s practical theory facilitates the process of review and revision. Here the position of the teacher is somewhat akin to that of a medical expert or flight engineer. Only expert knowledge of how the human body or plane operates can provide a basis for the correction of malfunctions. Thirdly, it allows for a fuller and quicker assessment of proposals for change. Areas of compatibility/incompatibility and the flaws inherent in existing and proposed practical theories can be more readily identified. Moreover, it is more likely that unsound proposals for change will be detected. Interpreting student teacher learning as learning by reflection on can be taken a step further by also applying this idea to other components of teacher education, such as group seminars on campus. The realistic approach can be used at the level of a class on campus by creating an experience in that class which is the basis for learning for a whole group. One example is the idea of organizing 10-minutes lessons given by student teachers to their fellow students. Korthagen, F. A. J. Nevertheless, what teachers do as they design their approaches to teaching has many of the hallmarks of theory building. They address significant problems related to student learning, they design and experiment with ways of solving those problems, they inquire into the relative effectiveness of these ways by using data from observations, tests and feedback from others to assist them, they identify patterns which give rise to predictions about what is likely to happen, and they build bases for professional action.

How well is Whole Foods Market performing from a strategic perspective? Essay

The chief elements of the strategy There are chief strategies are WHOLE FOOD, WHOLE PEOPLE and WHOLE PLANET. * Selling the Highest Quality Natural and Organic Products Available This is brand image of whole food market. And John Mackey created the first market in highest quality natural and organic products. It is successful. * Satisfying and Delighting Our Customers Worth of mouth is better than advertisement. Though the price more expensive than the other market, if customers have enough money, they are willing to buy highest quality and price natural and organic products in whole food market * Team Member Happiness and Excellence Make employee excellence; make customers happiness, Whole Food Market put customer in first, employees in second, shareholders in the end. * Creating Wealth Through Profits & Growth Sell highest quality health food in higher price not only earn more money but also can Survey of most or worse market demand * Caring About Our Communities & Our Environment Good environment about produce natural and Organic Products such as vegetable and animals growth in their growth cycle without chemical pesticide and Hormone WFM’s core values These core values are the soul of Whole Foods Market. * Their deepest purpose as an organization was helping support the health. Selling the highest quality natural and organic products is their goal. Now our life is becoming better and better, and many people more and more attention to their health. The price of Whole Foods Market are more expensive than other similar market, but customers also want to buy it. Because they have high quality products. * The customer is God. Company provides with the best customer service, more meaningful value products and has a competitive price to customers. Try to achieve or exceed customer expectations as much as possible, and then help company to improve other performance. So, satisfying and delighting customers is very important. * The company has a good internal environment. Let employees can try their best to get a good job. Team members will communicate and cooperate with each other and obtain the many kinds of information and knowledge. Employees can creative more ideas. Using the power of groups to make an effort to company. The key of contributed to Whole Foods Market success are highest quality, satisfying customers and team force. How well is Whole Foods Market performing from a strategic perspective? Is the strategy working? Does the company have a winning strategy? The Whole Foods brand stands for best- quality, organic goods, is performing well from a strategic prospective as they are increasing their locations and markets. They continue to provide healthy high quality foods and brands that are good for consumers, the environment, and their own growth in the industry. Whole food appeals to a greater social responsibility and has a strong distribution network. They have a competitive advantage to other supermarkets because of their high and fine products that they carry. This company had different acquisitions. One of the acquisitions Whole Food had was when they bought Wild Oats Market. This was a good acquisition Whole Foods made because it opened a lot of opportunities to success as a better company. Whole Foods also has the advantage of a well-known name that’s associated with a higher quality for supermarket products at more competitive prices. Whole Foods has a variety of products and brand selection. These included some 30,000 natural, organic, and gourmet food products and nonfood items. The company has a broad range of products including beverages, snacks, frozen items, pantry staples and different supplements. In addition, Whole Foods appraise quality by nutrition, freshness, and appearance. This company put a lot of emphasis in the health of their customers; therefore the company wants to offer the best quality possible. Recommendations 1. Deferment of Expansion Market: carrying cooperation approach is more cost-effective. You can also detection of this place is whether or not suitable for whole food to survive. The characteristics products and self-owned brand of the food put on the supermarket of cooperation to sale is very good way. 2. Adjust Measures to Local Conditions each busy section or prosperous business district faces high-end consumers is not the same. For example cooperation with the Chinese market , if whole food will open in Shanghai, because the Shanghai is the cosmopolitan city, The high-end supermarket target consumer groups will be mainly focused on a foreign high-end consumers. High quality high level of the organic food will no longer be whole food characteristics, but can afford a high price of people would not less. If whole food market will locate in Xiamen, high quality high level of the organic food can be whole food characteristics, not like Shanghai that would have so many people to buy. 3. Local Culture: Internationalization is a huge barrier, China is a large agricultural country, cooperation with the Chinese Farm, into some of the local culture, it can cut down the price, and also can helps to keep food fresh cooperation with the local farm, launch of the local characteristics of organic food, so as to attract more high-end consumers. Road transport conditions of China are good; it has a great degree of protection for fresh food

Australian Migration Law and Practice

Sukhon Chaiprasit is a legal immigrant to Australia. She holds a valid visa that is due to expire within a period of one month and twenty days. However, as a result of new unforeseen developments, it is likely that she shall be required to extend her stay in Australia for a further period of six (6) months for reasons to be disclosed herein below. The submissions below are made to the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection on behalf of Sukhon Chaiprasit seeking a waiver of condition 8503 that was imposed on her Visitor Visa (Tourist Stream) Subclass 600 so as to allow her to apply for a Class UB Medical Treatment visa, subclass 602. The relevant facts to the application for waiver are as articulated below: The Applicant (Sukhon Chaiprasit) is a citizen of Thailand. She arrived in Australia two months ago on a visitor visa (tourist stream) Class FA, Subclass 600. This class of visa has conditions 8101, 8201, 8501 and 8503 imposed on it. Seven days ago, Sukhon Chaiprasit was attacked by an assailant and suffered a concussion. Upon treatment, her doctors prepared a report strongly r mending that she should not travel for a further six (6) months period. Further, she is required to visit the hospital every two (2) days for check-up- the medical expenses in this respect are covered by the Crimes pensation Tribunal. In addition, Sukhon’s assailant has been apprehended and consequently, she is required as a key witness in the case against the assailant. However, her visa was issued two months and twenty days ago with a permitted stay period of three months from the date of Sukhon’s arrival. Therefore, having been in Australia for two months, the remaining stay period is one month. This period is clearly insufficient considering the fact that she will be required to stay for six months and it is untold what period the case against her assailant is likely to take. In light of the above circumstances, these submissions are made on Sukhon’s behalf to have condition 8503 (which imposes a â€Å"No Further Stay† ultimatum) waived to allow her to apply for a Class UB Medical Treatment visa, subclass 602.   Having briefly stated the facts above, the issue at hand is whether the circumstances arising above are sufficient to allow the waiver of the No Further Stay condition. The applicant acknowledges that she freely and knowingly[1] conceded to the imposition of condition 8503 whose effect is to bar her from applying for any other visa except under exceptional circumstances. The law makes clear provision for the waiver of the no further stay conditions. The purpose of the submissions herein shall be to demonstrate that Sukhon’s circumstances indeed entitle her to the waiver within the parameters allowed by the law. Reference is made to the Migration Regulations of 1994 which provide for the conditions to be fulfilled before condition 8503 is waived.[2] These conditions are: That subsequently after grant of the visa, pelling and passionate circumstances have arisen; It must be demonstrated that the above circumstances are present before Sukhon can be granted the waiver sought for. At this point, it is necessary to appreciate the fact that though Sukhon has expressed   interest in the male nurse, any intentions to establish a relationship with him will not be of any equilibrium to the Minister’s decision making process because that factor will not be considered as a circumstance â€Å"beyond the applicant’s control.† It is hereby submitted that there exists strong conviction that Sukhon’s circumstances have satisfied the prerequisite conditions for the grant of a waiver of condition 8503 as analyzed below: As Sukhon narrated and as supported by the attached medical report, Sukhon was recently attacked by an assailant who left here with a concussion. Further, upon treatment, it has b e apparent that Sukhon is not medically fit to travel for a further period of six (6) months. In addition, Sukhon has been called as a witness in the case against her assailant. With her stay period expiring in a month’s time, Sukhon will inevitably be required to stay longer than initially contemplated. Taking into account her medical condition, and the fact that she is undergoing treatment, it will not be in her best interest to leave the state merely because her visa validity period would have e to an end. This is therefore a pelling and also a passionate circumstance that will necessitate the waiver of the limiting condition and allow her to apply for the Class UB Medical Treatment visa, subclass 602. The act of being attacked while returning from a dinner in Melbourne’s CBD was totally beyond Sukhon’s control, if at all. It would be a fallacy to even contemplate that she would have knowingly exposed herself to the attack which caused her a concussion. Therefore, she was merely a victim of violence which any visitor to Australia should not be subjected to; and should not be made to suffer consequences thereof. It is submitted that as a result of the attack, there has arisen a major change in Sukhon circumstances that necessitate the intended further stay in Australia. As the doctors’ report indicates, Sukhon is not medically fit to travel for at least a period of six months and she is required to visit the doctors every two days for medical check-up. Further, she is required to appear in court as a witness to the case against her assailant. Therefore, it is argued that these are clear major changes in Sukhon’s circumstances which necessitate her further stay for the medically r mended period of six months.   From the submissions herein above, it has been explained how Sukhon arrived in Australia under a visitor visa (tourist stream) with, inter alia, condition 8503. It is further illustrated how she was attacked by an assailant; an attack which, according to the doctors, has rendered her to be medically not fit to travel for at least the next six months. In addition, she has been required to be a witness in the case against her assailant, though it has not been stated when the case is likely to begin. It has been argued in the preceding paragraphs that the circumstances Sukhon is in do satisfy the conditions for waiver of condition 8503 because they are pelling, passionate, beyond the control of Sukhon and they have changed Sukhon’s circumstances substantially.   It is humbly submitted that the Minister ought to take into consideration the best interest of the applicant whose medical condition may expose her health to further deterioration. Further, for the interest of justice, Sukhon deserves a chance to see to it that her assailant faces the law. Denying her this opportunity will be tantamount to an injustice on her. In light of the above-stated circumstances, these submissions are made on behalf of Sukhon for the Minister to waive condition 8503 to allow her to apply for a Class UB Medical Treatment visa, subclass 602. This question interrogates why the further visa application was invalid and whether Sukhon is subject to section 48 of the Migration Act, 1958. Condition 8503 limits the circumstances under which one can extend his/her stay in Australia beyond the allowed period of time.[3] An applicant seeking to extend their stay must first make a formal application to the Department of Immigration and Border Protection vide Form 1447[4] or by writing seeking a waiver of the condition, provided that the conditions for waiver as per Regulation 2.05(4) of the Migration Regulations of 1994 are met.[5] Therefore, by failing to make the application for the waiver and subject to the application being accepted, Sukhon’s application for another visa was invalid because condition 8503 was still operational in her visa.   Summarily, section 48 applies to non-citizens in the migration zone who, inter alia, do not hold a substantive visa, their visa application has been refused (other than an application for a bridging visa) or cancelled and have been removed from Australia and subsequently returns under Section 42(2A)(d) or (e).[6] A substantive visa as defined under the Act means a visa that is not a bridging visa, a criminal justice visa or an enforcement visa.[7] The current visitor visa held by Sukhon, which is still valid, is a substantive visa within the meaning of the Act. Without examining the other provisions of the Act, the fact that Sukhon’s visa is a substantive visa in itself means that section 48 is inapplicable to her because of the use of the conjunctive â€Å"and† in subsection 1 which makes it mandatory for all the conditions stated therein to be existent before the section can apply. Further, subsection 2 does not also apply Sukhon has not been removed from the migration zone.   Migration agents are governed by a Code of Conduct as set out in the Migration Act 1958 under.[8] Further, Regulation 8 Schedule 2 of the Migration Agents Regulations (1998) provides substantively the provisions that agents are required to observe during the discharge of the matters for which they have been licensed.[9] For Sukhon’s case, the potential breaches the former agent would have mitted, in the absence of actual facts, can only be speculated by taking into consideration the existing circumstances. For instance, paragraph 2.3, as read with paragraph 2.5, requires an agent to act with professionalism and reflect sound knowledge of the provisions of the Act.[10] Therefore, the agent ought to have known that Sukhon’s visitor visa had condition 8503 imposed on it and should have advised her that her application for any other visa would not be acceptable unless she successfully applied for a waiver of the condition first. Paragraph 2.6 of the regulations expects an agent to access the client’s request and to be candid/frank about the prospects of success of the client’s application for visa.[11] Again, the agent must have failed to observe this regulation and proceeded to lead Sukhon on to make the application that turned out to be unsuccessful. Under paragraph 2.9, an agent is required to refrain from making statements in support of an application that are misleading.[12] Being a qualified agent, it can only be assumed that the agent was fully aware of condition 8503 on Sukhon’s visa. Therefore, by trying to make another application for a visitor’s visa, it can only be presumed that the agent knowingly made the application for the visa knowing the same to be inaccurate. For these breaches, the client (Sukhon) has a right to make a plaint to the Migration Agents Registration Authority. Therefore, the agent failed to have due regard to the fact that Sukhon depended on the agent’s knowledge and experience as provided under paragraph 2.4.[13]   Anon, (2016). [Online] Available at: https://www.border.gov.au/Forms/Documents/1447.pdf [Accessed 18 Jul. 2016]. Australian Visa News. (2013). â€Å"No Further Stay† conditions on Australian visas: can they be removed (â€Å"waived†)? [Online] Available at: https://australianvisanews /2013/02/16/no-further-stay-conditions-on-australian-visas-can-they-be-removed-waived/ [Accessed 19 Jul. 2016]. Mara.gov.au. (2016). Code of conduct - Office of the Migration Agents Registration Authority. [Online] Available at: https://www.mara.gov.au/b ing-an-agent/professional-standards-and-obligations/code-of-conduct/ [Accessed 18 Jul. 2016]. Migration Agents Regulations (1998) (cth) Ogawa, M., 2009. Hypothetical: potential problems of a student visa. Bond L. Rev., 21, p.i. Vrachnas, J., Bagaric, M., Dimopoulos, P. and Pathinayake, A., 2011. Migration and refugee law: Principles and practice in Australia. Cambridge University Press. Zhao, L. and Kondoh, K., 2007. Temporary and permanent immigration under unionization. Review of Development Economics, 11(2), pp.346-358.